Chlamydia trachomatis - Cause of STDs and Blindness.

Chlamydia Trachomatis is a Gram negative obligate intracellular bacterium , which means it lives with in the human cells and largely responsible for sexually transmitted diseases and eye disease. The bacterium is coccoid or rod shaped.
C.Trachomatis causes prostatitis and epididymitis in men. In women they are responsible for cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and acute or recurring pelvic pain and recurring complications.
Not only is it responsible for these diseases but C.Trachomatis is the single most potent bacterial infection of the eye which is associated with blindness, in the form of  bacterial conjuctivitis.
Chlamydia Trachomatis can be effectively treated with antibiotics such as azithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline/tetracycline.

READ MORE - Chlamydia trachomatis - Cause of STDs and Blindness.

Vibrio Cholerae - The causative agent of Cholera

Vibrio Cholerae also known sometimes as kommabacillus, is a comma shaped Gram negative bacteria with a polar flagella. This bacteria causes as the name suggests, Cholera in human beings.

The bacteria is generally infected through contaminated water, most bacteria dont survive the acidity of the stomach, but the bacterias which do survive propel themselves through the thick mucus to reach intestinal walls  by growing the flagella, they rotate through the walls to lodge themselves and thrive here. On reaching the intestinal walls they start producing toxic proteins which in turn gives the carrier of the bacteria watery diarrhea.

Treatment of V.Choerae infection is mostly 3 pronged approach, by Oral rehydration therapy, by maintaining electrolyte levels and by the use of antibiotics, such as Doxycycline as firstline and cotrimoxazole, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and furazolidone.

READ MORE - Vibrio Cholerae - The causative agent of Cholera

Helicobacter Pylori - Microaerophilic bacteria.

Helicobacter Pylori, commonly known as H.pylori and further referred to as H.Pylori is a gram negative bacteria. It generally inhabits various areas of the human stomach and is responsible for chronic low level inflammation of the stomach lining and is the principle factor in development of duodenal,gastric ulcers and stomach cancer.
If H.Pylori infection is untreated for a long time it will lead serious illnesses such as gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD), peptic ulcers, and cancers of esophagus and stomach.
H.Pylori is a helix shaped bacterium, it is microaerophilic thus making it an organism which needs oxygen but at a lower concentration, for colonising the stomach and surviving the acidity present in the stomach, the bacteria burrows into the mucus close to the epithelial layer. Due to the presence of a flagella the bacteria can move thro the stomach lumen and embed itself in the stomach's mucoid lining.
Treatment for a H.Pylori infection is generally a combined therapy of proton inhibitors such as omerprazole,pantoprazole and antibiotics clarithromycin and amoxicillin.

READ MORE - Helicobacter Pylori - Microaerophilic bacteria.

Salmonella - The Rod shaped Bacteria.

Salmonella is a rod shaped gram negative bacteria,which has a flagella , which moves around in all directions.Salmonella in fact is closely related to Escherichia and are found both in cold and warm blooded animals including humans.

Salmonella can cause illnesses such as thypoid fever, parathyroid fever and food borne illnesses. Salmonella bacteria was named after American Veterinary pathologist Daniel Elmer Salmon. Salmonella infections are mainly picked up from the below mentioned sources.

• Infected Food
• Poor Kitchen and cooking Hygiene.
• Excretions from Sick people and animals.
• Polluted water.
• Association with reptiles.
• Un Hygienically thawed fowl.

One has to note that Salmonella Bacteria can survive several weeks in a dry environment and several months in water.

Salmonella infections can be treated generally with Antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin.

READ MORE - Salmonella - The Rod shaped Bacteria.

Staphylococcus Aureus - Gram Positive Bacterium

Staphlococcus Aureus which I will hence forth refer to as only Staph, is a gram positive bacteria which is found in the skin areas of the nose and on the skin. So basically a huge population of human beings are permanent carries of this bacteria. Staph can cause a range of minor skin infections and illnesses such as  pimples,impetigo,furuncles or boils as they are commonly known, cellulities follculitis, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome and abscesses. The life threatening illnesses caused by staph are pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome (TSS), chest pain, bacteremia, and sepsis.
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, abbreviated MRSA is greatly feared strain of the Staph which has become resistant to most antibiotics. Otherwise Staph generally responds very will to pencillin based antibiotic treatments.

READ MORE - Staphylococcus Aureus - Gram Positive Bacterium

The Most Common Bacteria - E.coli

Possibly the most common bacterias' are the Escherichia Coli commonly known as E.Coli.This strain of Gram negative bacteria is commonly found in the lower intestines of warm blooded organisms. Most strains of E.coli are harmless and are part of the gut. But some serotypes can cause Food Poisoning and other digestive related problems.

General E.Coli infections due to a virulent strain are Gastroenteritis, Urinary Tract Infections and neonatal meningitis , In some very rare situations they are known to cause Septicaemia and Gram-Neg Pneumonia.

In most cases Bacterial infections are treated by antibiotics , but E.coli strains have varied sensitivity to different range of Antibiotics. Mainly Amoxicillin and semi synthetic pencillins can be used to fight an E.Coli infection, along with ciproflaxcin.

It is widely known that Antibiotic resistant E.Coli can and may pass on the genes responsible for antibiotic resistant species of bacteria such as Stapphylococcus Aureus.

READ MORE - The Most Common Bacteria - E.coli